1992: Various positions in the Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment1997: Director, Projectbureau Energie 2050 (a sustainable energy project)2000-2010: Various positions in the Netherlands and abroad with energy company Essent2010: Member of Rotterdam municipal executive responsible for sustainability, city centre and outdoor spaces2014: Managing director of Amsterdam’s public transport company GVB29 January 2020 – 10 January 2022: State Secretary for Benefits and Customs in the third Rutte government10 January 2022: Appointed Minister for Digitalisation in the fourth Rutte government