Violence is on the rise globally. The “multicrisis” created by the post-Covid setback on SDGs, debt, and new climate vulnerability has pushed many countries on the brink of greater fragility and political instability and created new challenges for conflict prevention. The UN as well as International Financial Institutions, such as the World Bank, have recently emphasized the links between inequality and conflict and the enormous impact of climate change and extreme weather on peace and security as well as on international stability and are committed to an aid reform that provide the opportunity for a better, more integrated approach. This session will discuss how to characterize the 21st century conflicts, how to incorporate new dimensions such as climate security into prevention and peacebuilding strategies, and how to break the cycle of inequality and violence.